These tests might look like a bowl of alphabet soup, but the PSAT, SAT, and ACT can play a major role in your journey to college and beyond. In fact, they’re often keys that unlock college admissions opportunities and merit scholarships. Don’t think of them as dreary hurdles; think of them as stepping stones toward your goals. With the right mindset and preparation, you can conquer each exam and use it to empower your future. This guide will walk you through what each test is, why it still matters (even in a test-optional era), how hands-on experiences can boost your readiness, and how to leverage new AI tools for smarter prep. We’ll also tackle some FAQs so you feel confident and prepared. Let’s dive in!
The PSAT: More Than Just Practice
What It Is: The PSAT/NMSQT (Preliminary SAT/National Merit Scholarship Qualifying Test) is essentially a practice SAT taken usually in 10th or 11th grade. It’s shorter than the SAT and scored out of 1520 instead of 1600. Schools often give it every October. While PSAT scores aren’t sent to colleges, the test serves two big purposes: practice and potential scholarships.
Why It Matters: First, the PSAT gives you a low-stakes preview of the SAT’s format and question styles. It helps you gauge your strengths and weaknesses so you can set SAT prep goals. Second, the PSAT is the qualifying exam for the National Merit Scholarship Program. About 1.6 million juniors take the PSAT each year, and the top performers (roughly the top 1% nationwide) become National Merit Semifinalists. From there, they can compete to become Finalists and potentially earn college scholarships. In other words, a high PSAT score can literally pay off. Each year, around 16,000 students earn semifinalist status (and recognition for being among the nation’s academic elite). Even students who don’t reach that level benefit from the experience; you’ll get a personalized score report breaking down each question, which is a goldmine for guiding your SAT study plan.
How to Approach It: Take the PSAT seriously, but don’t stress out about it. Use it as a learning opportunity. When your scores come back, link them to free SAT practice through Khan Academy to get a custom study plan. And remember, if you do score in the top percentiles, follow through with the National Merit process, it could mean scholarship dollars or special honors. But even if you don’t, the real win is the feedback and practice you gain for the SAT.
The SAT: Your Ticket to College Admissions
What It Is: The SAT is a globally recognized college admissions test administered by the College Board. It measures your skills in reading, writing/language, and math (no science section on the SAT). Each section is scored on a 200–800 scale, and your total score is out of 1600. The SAT recently transitioned to a fully digital format that’s a bit shorter than the old paper test, about 2 hours and 14 minutes for the main sections. Most students take the SAT in spring of junior year, and it’s offered seven times a year in the U.S. (March, May, June, August, October, November, December).
Why It Matters: Despite more colleges adopting test-optional policies, the SAT remains hugely relevant. Most colleges will still consider your SAT score if you submit it, and a strong score can boost your application and even compensate for a lower GPA in some cases. In fact, many colleges encourage students to send scores because they provide an additional data point on college readiness. The SAT is also used for placing you in the right freshman courses and for merit scholarships. For example, some state scholarship programs and honors colleges use SAT cutoff scores to award funds or admission into special programs. And don’t forget, the SAT (or ACT) is still required by a number of colleges; always check each school’s testing policy.
Research shows the SAT has predictive validity for college success: meeting the College Board’s College and Career Readiness Benchmarks (score of 480 Evidence-Based Reading & Writing and 530 Math) correlates with a 75% chance of earning at least a C in freshman classes. In plain terms, the test measures some of the core skills you’ll need in college. Of course your grades, courses, and other qualities matter a lot, but it’s one standardized way for admissions officers to compare academic preparation across thousands of applicants.
SAT Tips: Plan to take the SAT twice if you can, many students improve on a second try. For your first attempt, aim for spring of junior year (March or May is ideal) when you’ve covered most of the relevant math in school. If needed, retake it in the fall of senior year (August or October) before college application deadlines. Use the free prep resources available: College Board and Khan Academy offer 6 full-length practice tests on the Bluebook app and personalized practice drills, all for free. Make a study schedule for 2-3 months before the exam, practice pacing yourself (the SAT gives about 1 minute 20 seconds per question on average), and focus on official practice questions so you get used to the real exam style. And remember to take advantage of the SAT’s features: on the digital test you get a built-in Desmos graphing calculator and formula sheet for the math section, which the ACT doesn’t provide. Finally, keep perspective- the SAT is important, but colleges look at you as a whole person. A great score is icing on the cake to showcase your academic skills.
The ACT: Another Path to the Same Goal
What It Is: The ACT is the other major college admissions exam, administered by ACT, Inc. It covers English, Math, Reading, and Science reasoning, with an optional Essay (the essay is rarely required anymore). Each section is scored 1–36, and your composite ACT score is the average of the four section scores (also on a 36 scale). The ACT is offered nationwide about seven times a year, often in September, October, December, February, April, June, and July. Traditionally it’s a paper-and-pencil test (just under 3 hours without writing), though ACT is launching an updated digital option in some locations. A key difference is that the ACT has more questions in a shorter time, you typically get less than a minute per question on the ACT, so it rewards quick thinking and time management.
Why It Matters: Colleges accept SAT score for admission or scholarships, so the ACT is a must for students targeting certain schools. Even at test-optional colleges, a high ACT score (e.g. 30+ out of 36) can be a differentiator that sets you apart and perhaps compensates for a slightly lower class rank or extracurricular tally. Essentially, the ACT is just as valuable a ticket to opportunity as the SAT; it’s about which test allows you to better demonstrate your abilities.
SAT vs. ACT, How to Choose: Most colleges use them interchangeably. But there are subtle differences that might make one a better fit for you: for example, the ACT includes a dedicated Science section (which is really about interpreting charts and experiments) whereas the SAT mixes science questions into other sections. The SAT gives you more time per question and has shorter reading passages; the ACT is faster-paced and has longer reading passages. The SAT provides math formulas and allows calculator use throughout, whereas the ACT expects you to know some formulas and permits calculators only on the math section (and not at all for certain digital ACT formats). So, how to decide? Try a practice test of each. See which one feels more comfortable and where your percentile scores come out higher. Some students naturally prefer the ACT’s straightforward questions and steady rhythm; others do better with the SAT’s extra time and puzzle-like questions. You might also consider your academic strengths: strong in science class? You might ace the ACT science section. Choose the exam that lets you shine brightest.
ACT Tips: The ACT’s faster pace means you should practice under timed conditions to build speed. For instance, the ACT English section gives 75 questions in 45 minutes (that’s 36 seconds per question!), and Reading has 40 questions in 35 minutes. Learn to skim passages for main ideas and scan for details. On the Math section, you can use a calculator on all questions, but sometimes solving without one is quicker, so know your mental math tricks. For Science, practice interpreting graphs and scientific summaries quickly; you don’t need outside science knowledge, just focus on the data given. Use ACT’s official free resources. The ACT website offers free practice quizzes and one full downloadable test. And like with the SAT, consider taking the ACT twice. Many students improve their score after figuring out the timing and section strategies the first time around. Finally, ensure you register early on act.org for your preferred test date and location, and check if your state offers an ACT School Day (some schools give the ACT to all juniors during the school day for free).
Why Standardized Tests Still Matter (Yes, Even in 2025)
With so many colleges going test-optional, you might wonder: Are the SAT and ACT still worth it? The answer is yes, for most students, they’re still very valuable. Here’s why:
- College Admissions Edge: If you submit strong test scores, they can only help your application. Even schools that don’t require tests will consider scores if provided, and many admissions officers say a good score can strengthen an application (it adds another data point in your favor). In the class of 2024 admissions cycle, close to 50% of college applications still included test scores, despite test-optional policies, meaning many students are choosing to send scores. A high score, especially one above a college’s average, can act like a “gold star” on your file. It’s not everything, but it’s often a tiebreaker in competitive admissions or a way to make your application stand out.
- Scholarships and Merit Aid: Standardized tests aren’t just for getting into college, they can help pay for it. Scholarship organizations and many colleges use SAT/ACT scores to award merit-based scholarships. For example, the National Merit Scholarship program (via the PSAT) awards millions of dollars, and numerous colleges give automatic scholarships to students with SAT/ACT scores above a certain threshold. State scholarship programs (like Georgia’s HOPE Scholarship or Florida’s Bright Futures) and honors programs often have required test score minimums. In short, a few extra points on the ACT or SAT could translate into thousands of dollars saved on tuition.
- College Readiness & Placement: These exams are designed to gauge college readiness. If you meet benchmark scores, it signals you’re likely prepared to succeed in freshman-level courses. Some colleges even use SAT/ACT scores to place you in the appropriate classes. A high score might let you skip an introductory class or place into an honors section; conversely, lower scores could mean you need additional support or placement in a foundational course. Also, some colleges that are test-optional for admission still require test scores after you enroll, to help advise you academically or for research purposes. Having scores ready keeps those doors open.
- Test-Optional Doesn’t Mean Test-Never: Test-optional policies give you the choice of whether to send scores. If a score isn’t reflective of your ability, you can withhold it without penalty. But “optional” doesn’t mean “useless.” Colleges know that students who submit scores tend to have stronger applications on average (since those confident enough to send likely did well). If you can take a test safely and prep for it, there’s little downside in trying. It’s insurance; if you score well, you then have an extra asset to include. And if not, you can go test-optional. As one expert put it, when in doubt, it’s wise to take the SAT/ACT to keep your options open. You don’t want to decide not to test, then later realize a program or scholarship you’re eyeing does ask for a score.
Bottom line: Standardized tests are still a significant part of the college landscape. Most colleges are now test-optional or test-flexible, giving students more choice. But “optional” is about access and equity; it doesn’t diminish the value of having a strong score in hand. Think of SAT/ACT scores as bonus boosters, not required for all, but extremely useful if you have them. If testing isn’t your strength, you can focus elsewhere. But if you can earn a good score, you absolutely should. It can only broaden your opportunities, from admissions to scholarships.
Beyond Test Prep: How Experiential Learning Boosts Readiness
Preparing for college isn’t only about acing multiple-choice tests. In fact, some of the most important skills for college and life, critical thinking, problem-solving, collaboration, resilience, are built outside the testing bubble. This is where experiential learning comes in. Experiential learning means learning by doing: think internships, summer programs, project-based courses, volunteer work, leadership experiences, etc. Engaging in these hands-on activities can supercharge your college readiness and even indirectly improve your test performance by building your confidence and thinking skills.
Real-World Skills and Critical Thinking: When you step out of the classroom and into real-world scenarios, you have to apply knowledge in new ways. That boosts your ability to think on your feet. Studies show that active, experiential learning improves retention and critical thinking. For example, one education review found that giving students real-world experiences to connect with academic material leads to deeper engagement and the ability to critically evaluate information. In other words, by doing things hands-on, whether it’s building a robot, staging a mock trial, or conducting a science experiment, you’re training your brain to analyze and solve problems, the same mental muscles needed for tough SAT math questions or ACT science passages. You’re also less likely to freeze up on a test because you’ve practiced tackling challenges in dynamic settings.
College Readiness and Confidence: Experiential learning also helps you develop the soft skills that standardized tests don’t measure but colleges love to see. When you participate in, say, a leadership conference or a medical summer institute, you learn teamwork, communication, adaptability, and self-confidence. These are 21st-century skills that prepare you for college-level work and beyond. A hands-on program might require you to collaborate in a team to solve a problem, mirroring college group projects, or to present findings similar to college presentations. Students who have these experiences often enter college with more confidence and independence, because they’ve already navigated new environments and challenges. One survey of employers and educators by the Association of American Colleges & Universities found that applied learning experiences (like internships or project-based learning) are linked to stronger outcomes in college and career readiness. Simply put, learning by doing helps you grow in ways that benefit your academic performance and personal development.
Envision Programs as an Example: Consider programs like those offered by Envision by WorldStrides, experiential learning opportunities where high school students spend a week or more immersed in a future career or field of interest. In these programs, you might step into the shoes of a physician and practice medical simulations, argue a court case as a lawyer, or collaborate with a team to design a business product. By making the world your classroom, you’re gaining skills and experiences that can set you apart on college applications (hello, interesting essays and demonstrated passion!) and prepare you for the independence of college life. Past attendees often report that they returned from such programs with greater self-confidence, clearer goals, and improved problem-solving abilities. In fact, Envision’s curriculum is built around exactly those outcomes, hands-on projects that require critical thinking, leadership, and creativity. This kind of active learning aligns with research showing that hands-on experiences foster higher-order thinking and improve academic outcomes. Plus, having a network of peers and mentors from these programs means you go into the college process with support and inspiration.
Indirect Benefits for Test Performance: You might even find that the skills from experiential learning help your test scores. How? Well, critical thinking and time management are key to both realms. If you’ve done, say, a hackathon coding project that required intense focus and quick problem-solving, tackling a tricky SAT math section might feel a bit more manageable. Or if you’ve traveled to a new city on your own for a youth leadership forum, the stress management techniques you picked up (staying calm under pressure, adapting to unfamiliar settings) can be applied on test day to keep anxiety in check. (More on managing test anxiety below.) Think of experiential learning as cross-training for your brain, it makes you academically stronger and more flexible. Standardized tests measure some knowledge and reasoning, but experience teaches resilience, adaptability, and real understanding. Having both will make you a formidable student.
The Bottom Line: Balance your preparation. Yes, study for the SAT/ACT, but also seek out experiences that excite you, whether it’s a summer engineering camp, a community service project, a part-time job, or an academic competition. These will not only make you a more well-rounded college applicant (colleges love to see initiative and genuine interests), but they’ll also equip you with skills for long-term success. You’re not just aiming to get into college, you’re aiming to thrive there. Experiential learning is like a secret ingredient that, combined with test scores and grades, helps you cook up a truly compelling candidacy and a prepared-for-anything attitude.
Imagine having a personal tutor or study buddy available 24/7 to answer your questions, quiz you, and give you feedback. Thanks to artificial intelligence, that’s no longer science fiction, it’s here right now. AI tools like ChatGPT, Khanmigo, Grammarly, and Quizlet’s AI features are game-changers for test prep. They can help you study smarter by providing instant explanations, tailored practice, and writing help. But they’re only as good as how you use them. Here’s how to harness these tools responsibly, to boost your learning, not do the work for you.
ChatGPT, Your On-Demand Explainer: OpenAI’s ChatGPT is like a super-smart friend who can break down tough concepts in simple terms. You can ask it to explain a geometry problem, summarize a boring reading passage, or even generate practice questions. For example, stuck on an SAT math problem about quadratic equations? You can feed ChatGPT the problem (or a similar one) and ask for a step-by-step explanation. It will walk you through the solution in a conversational way, helping you understand why the answer is what it is.
Khanmigo, A Friendly AI Tutor by Khan Academy: Khanmigo is Khan Academy’s AI-powered tutor, trained specifically to help with learning. Think of Khanmigo as a patient teacher’s assistant that guides you rather than just spits out answers. When you use Khanmigo for SAT or ACT prep, it can lead you through problems step-by-step. For example, in math, Khanmigo might ask you guiding questions to nudge you toward the solution of an algebra problem, almost like Socratic questioning. This is awesome for building your problem-solving skills, you’re actively engaged, not just passively receiving answers. Khanmigo is also great for test strategies: you can ask it for tips on time management, or have it quiz you on grammar rules for the ACT English section.
Grammarly, Polishing Your Writing: Whether it’s the SAT/ACT essay (if you’re taking it) or simply all the practice essays and English questions you’ll do, Grammarly is an AI writing assistant that can be a lifesaver. The GrammarlyGO feature can suggest clearer phrasing, catch grammar mistakes, and even help adjust the tone of your writing. How is this useful for test prep? For one, improving your grammar and clarity will directly help with the SAT Writing & Language section or the ACT English section, where questions often ask which sentence is most clear or has no errors.
Quizlet with AI, Smarter Flashcards and Quizzes: If you’ve ever used Quizlet for flashcards, the new AI enhancements take it up a notch. Quizlet’s Q-Chat AI (and other features) can generate practice quizzes tailored to what you’re studying. For example, input vocabulary words or math formulas you need to memorize, and Quizlet can quiz you in a conversational style or create games that drill those facts. This is perfect for things like SAT vocabulary (though the SAT is less vocab-heavy than it used to be, knowing word meanings is still helpful for the reading section) or ACT science facts (like interpreting data and scientific terms). Quizlet can also take your notes and summarize them into flashcards. And like all AI, it’s a supplement to, not a substitute for, your own active learning.
Use AI as a Guide, Not a Shortcut: Across all these tools, the golden rule is: use them to enhance your learning, not bypass it. It might be tempting, for instance, to have ChatGPT write an entire practice essay for you or solve every math problem. But that won’t make you better, it’ll just give you an answer with no growth. Instead, use AI to check your work, explain errors, provide additional practice, and keep you engaged. One student advice blog puts it well: AI can’t replace hard work, but it can guide you better. The trick is to use it for learning, not just copying.
Accommodations for Students with Disabilities: Plan Early and Advocate Smart
Standardized testing should measure your academic skills, not your access to time or tools. That’s why both the SAT and ACT offer testing accommodations for students with documented disabilities. These might include extended time, breaks, a separate room, large-print test materials, use of a computer, or other support depending on the student’s need.
Here’s how it works:
- For the SAT/PSAT, accommodations are managed by the College Board’s Services for Students with Disabilities (SSD) office. Students must apply in advance, ideally at least 7 weeks before the test date, and work through their school counselor or SSD coordinator. Most students apply once and get approved for all College Board exams through high school (including AP tests).
- For the ACT, you’ll apply through your online ACT account after registering for a test. Your school needs to submit documentation of your disability, and ACT reviews requests for support like extended time, large-print testing, or alternate test formats. Processing can take several weeks, so starting early is crucial.
Pro Tips:
- Start the process in 10th grade or early in 11th, especially if you’re planning to test in spring.
- Ask your school counselor or special education coordinator to help with paperwork. They’ve often done this for other students and know how to navigate the system.
- Gather documentation, like IEPs, 504 plans, psychoeducational evaluations, or doctor letters, to show how your disability affects test-taking.
- Once approved, you must test at a designated site that can provide the accommodation, so don’t wait until the last minute to register.
Remember: Accommodations are not about getting an advantage, they ensure equity. If you use extended time or other supports in school, you deserve to have that same access on high-stakes exams. And if you attend an Envision program or other experiential learning opportunity, it's a great space to practice building confidence and independence in environments where you can still access necessary supports.
Managing Test Anxiety: Mental Prep Matters Too
Even students who know the content can stumble on test day, not because they’re unprepared, but because they’re overwhelmed. Test anxiety is real, and it affects thousands of students. The good news? You can train your mind just like you train your memory or math skills.
Here are proven strategies to reduce test anxiety and stay calm under pressure:
Practice Mindfulness & Deep Breathing
- Take 3–5 slow, deep breaths before a test section. Breathe in for four counts, hold, then exhale slowly.
- Try box breathing (used by Navy SEALs): Inhale 4 seconds → hold 4 → exhale 4 → hold 4.
- Use apps like Headspace or Calm the night before or morning of a test to get centered.
Use Mental Rehearsal
- Close your eyes and visualize yourself succeeding: walking into the test calmly, reading questions with focus, pacing confidently.
- Repeated visualization rewires your brain to associate test day with success, not fear.
Reframe Nervousness as Excitement
- Research shows that telling yourself “I’m excited” instead of “I’m nervous” can improve performance under pressure. Your body’s physical response is the same, it’s your interpretation that matters.
Prepare, then Step Away
- Don’t cram the night before. Instead, prep early and then unplug. Do something relaxing, walk, listen to music, take a bath, or journal.
- The brain needs rest to consolidate information. A good night’s sleep is better than a last-minute study marathon.
Practice in Realistic Conditions
- Simulate test day at home with timed practice tests. The more familiar the format feels, the less intimidating it becomes.
- Bonus: Envision programs help students build comfort in unfamiliar environments, through presentations, labs, and simulations. Experiential learning often reduces anxiety because it develops adaptive coping and confidence in new situations.
Know You’re Not Alone
- Talk to your guidance counselor, parent, or trusted teacher if anxiety becomes overwhelming. Schools often offer test prep or coping workshops.
- Consider journaling or group study as ways to release tension and remind yourself: you’re more than a test score.
Now that we’ve covered the gamut from traditional studying to high-tech helpers, let’s address some of the most common questions students (and parents) have about the SAT, ACT, and beyond.
Frequently Asked Questions
When should I take the SAT or ACT?
Most students take these tests in 11th grade. A common plan is to take your first SAT or ACT in the spring of junior year (around March–May) and, if needed, again in the fall of senior year. This timing hits the sweet spot: you’ve covered almost all relevant high school coursework by junior year, and there’s still time to improve and retest before college applications are due. For the SAT, the College Board generally recommends a junior spring test date (and data shows many students do just that). For the ACT, spring of junior year is equally popular. After your first test, you’ll get score feedback and can study over the summer to try for a higher score on a second attempt in August, September, or October of senior year.
Some students opt to test even earlier (winter of sophomore year or fall of junior year) especially if they’re aiming for National Merit via the PSAT or if they’re well ahead in math. That’s okay, but remember that standardized testing is a marathon, not a sprint. Don’t start so early that you burn out. Junior year is ideal for most. Also, plan backward from your college deadlines: if you’re applying early action/decision, the last test sitting you can use might be October or November of senior year. If regular deadlines, December of senior year could be your last.
Pro tip: Check each college’s policies and register early to secure a seat on your desired date! (Spots can fill up, and late registration means extra fees.)
What should I bring on test day?
You’ll want to come prepared with the essentials on test day. Here’s your checklist of what to bring to the SAT or ACT:
- Admission Ticket & Photo ID: Print your registration ticket from the testing website (College Board or ACT) and bring a valid photo ID (like a driver’s license or school ID). Without these, you cannot get in; the test center staff will check.
- No. 2 Pencils and Erasers: Bring a few sharpened #2 pencils (mechanical pencils are technically not allowed for Scantron forms, so wooden pencils are safest) and good erasers. Even for the digital SAT, scratch work might be on paper, so pencils are still needed.
- Approved Calculator: For the SAT, a calculator is allowed on the Math section (and the testing app even has one built-in). For the ACT, bring your own calculator for the Math test, make sure it’s an approved type (most scientific or graphing calculators are fine, but no calculators with computer algebra system functionality). Fresh batteries are a good idea too. Note: If you’re taking the test on a computer (like digital SAT at school), also ensure your device is charged and you have the power cord.
- Snacks and Water: You’ll get breaks during the exam. Pack a bottle of water and a light snack (granola bar, fruit, etc.) to recharge during break time. You can’t have them at your desk while testing, but during the break you’ll be glad to have a quick energy boost.
- A Watch (optional): Not a smartwatch or anything with alarms, those are prohibited, but a simple analog or digital watch can help you manage time, since you have to put your phone away. Some testing rooms have clocks, some don’t. A watch lets you keep track (just make sure any alarms/timers are off).
- Mask (if required): As of 2025, many testing centers have made masks optional, but be sure to follow current health guidelines or requirements of your test site. It’s smart to bring one in case.
- Layered clothing: Testing rooms can be chilly or warm, so dress in layers. This isn’t about scores, but your comfort can affect your focus!
Don’t bring: Your phone (or turn it fully off and tuck it away, if it buzzes, your scores could be canceled), any notes or books, smartwatches, or unapproved electronics. Travel light, the goal is to have just what you need to comfortably complete the exam.
How do I choose between the SAT and ACT?
Choosing between the SAT and ACT comes down to which test plays to your strengths, and you’re allowed to try both. Key differences to consider:
- Test Format and Timing: The SAT is slightly shorter in overall length but gives more time per question. The ACT is longer (and until 2025 it has an extra science section) but asks you to work faster. If you struggle with time, you might lean SAT; if you excel at quick recall and reading fast, ACT might suit you.
- Content Differences: The SAT has two main sections (Reading/Writing and Math). The ACT has four (English, Math, Reading, Science). If you enjoy science class or are good at interpreting data and experiments, you might do well on ACT Science. But note, the SAT does test scientific reasoning too, just spread throughout. The SAT Math includes a reference formula sheet and allows calculator use throughout, whereas the ACT expects you to know some formulas and mental math. If math isn’t your forte, some find the SAT Math more straightforward (and you get more time per question); others find the ACT Math simpler content.
- Question Style: SAT questions can be wordier or a bit more puzzle-like, especially math (with more setup or multi-step problems). ACT questions tend to be more direct. Try samples of each and see which style clicks.
- Scoring and Strategy: Are you someone who blanks on a hard question? On the SAT, the adaptive digital format will adjust question difficulty based on performance (for Reading/Writing and Math separately). The ACT is linear; every student sees the same questions. Superscoring (combining best section scores from multiple tests) is now common for both, but check your colleges’ policies.
Ultimately, take a practice test of each under timed conditions. Compare your percentile ranks or use a conversion chart to see which is stronger. Also reflect on how you felt: Which test’s pace and questions felt more comfortable? If one is clearly better, focus on that. If you’re equally good at both, you could choose based on practical factors (maybe your school offers an SAT day, or you got a fee waiver for one, etc.). Remember, colleges don’t prefer one over the other. As College Board itself notes, most colleges accept either and view them as equivalent in predicting college success. Some students take both and then submit the higher score. That’s a fine strategy if you have the time and resources to prep for two tests. But it’s also fine to pick one and put all your effort into mastering it.
If you’re still unsure, talk to your guidance counselor, they know your academic profile and may have insight (for example, “Students with your PSAT score tend to do X on the SAT vs ACT”). And remember, you can’t really go wrong: both tests can get you to the same destination (college). It’s just about choosing your preferred vehicle.
What role do guidance counselors play in this process?
Your school counselor (guidance counselor) is an invaluable ally in your testing and college prep journey. They wear many hats, but when it comes to SAT/ACT, their role includes:
- Information and Planning: Counselors help you know when and how to register for tests, which exams you might need, and what upcoming test dates are available. They often have the insider scoop on logistics like local test centers, fee waivers (if test fees are a hardship, counselors can often obtain fee waivers so you can test for free), and deadlines. They can assist in creating your personal testing timeline as part of your college application plan.
- Advice on Testing Strategy: Not sure whether to take the SAT, ACT, or both? Not sure if you should retake a test? Your counselor can provide guidance tailored to you. They understand college requirements and your academic record. For example, if you excel in math and science, a counselor might suggest giving the ACT a shot. Or if you’ve taken the SAT twice and your score hit a plateau, they might advise focusing on other parts of your application instead of a third retake. They’ll also be up-to-date on any changes (like the digital SAT rollout) and what that means for you.
- Providing Resources: School counselors often connect students with test prep resources. This could be informing you of a free after-school SAT prep class, lending out prep books or pointing out reputable online resources (Khan Academy, official practice tests, local tutoring programs, etc.). According to the American School Counselor Association, counselors assist students in preparing for standardized tests by promoting opportunities to improve knowledge and test-taking skills. Translation: they can help you find the tools you need to succeed, whether that’s a practice test session or an SAT study group at school.
- Integrating Test Prep into School Life: Some counselors work with teachers to integrate a bit of test practice into classes (for instance, doing ACT English-style questions in English class bellwork). They may organize the PSAT day at your school or an SAT School Day where the exam is given during school hours. They can also help interpret your score reports once results come in and normalize the whole testing experience so it’s less intimidating.
- College Admissions Guidance: When it’s time to send scores to colleges or decide if you should send scores (in test-optional scenarios), counselors help there too. They’ll know, for example, that if your SAT is above a certain college’s average range, it’s a good idea to submit it. They’ll also handle the technical side of things like ensuring your official scores (and transcripts) get sent, often as part of the college application packet.
- Emotional Support and Confidence-Building: Let’s face it, standardized tests can be stressful. Counselors are trained to help with test anxiety and mindset. They might run a workshop on stress management before the big test or simply give you a pep talk that you’ve got this. They can put testing into perspective (“It’s one factor; we have plan B and plan C...”) and reassure you no score will define your worth. If you’re feeling overwhelmed, your counselor is a great person to talk to.
In short, your guidance counselor is like your coach and navigator through the testing landscape. Don’t hesitate to reach out to them early, ideally in sophomore year or the start of junior year, to discuss your plans. They can help ensure you’re on track and not missing any important steps. As one NACAC resource says, school counselors can provide “guidance and support throughout the entire college admissions process,” including testing. So, keep them in the loop about your goals and listen to their advice, they’ve helped many students before you and can offer perspective and tips that books or websites might not.
What resources will help me study for these tests?
You’re in luck, there are more resources than ever to help you prep, many of them free or low-cost. Here are some of the best:
- Official SAT Practice on Khan Academy: This is a must use. The College Board partnered with Khan Academy to provide free, personalized SAT prep. You can link your PSAT/SAT results and get a custom study plan targeting your weak areas. Khan Academy has thousands of practice questions, video tutorials, and 8 full-length SAT practice tests (6 of which are in the Bluebook app to simulate the real digital test experience). It’s high-quality practice because it’s made with official content, so the questions closely mirror actual SAT questions. Start here for SAT prep.
- Official ACT Resources: ACT, Inc. offers some freebies as well. On act.org, you’ll find a downloadable official ACT practice test (with answer explanations), plus ACT Academy video lessons and practice questions. They also have a Question of the Day and practice prompts. While ACT’s free offerings aren’t as extensive as College Board’s, they’re still essential. Always practice with at least one real ACT test to understand the format. There are also ACT prep apps and the ACT Student Guide that includes sample questions. If you can swing it, the ACT Prep Guide book is a great resource (it includes several official tests).
- Prep Books and Online Platforms: Popular prep books (like by Princeton Review, Barron’s, or Kaplan) can be found in libraries or for purchase. They provide content review and drills. Websites like PrepScholar, Magoosh, and UWorld offer large banks of practice questions and explanations (some free, some paid). College Board’s BigFuture site and the ACT blog also have articles with tips and strategies. Be careful to use up-to-date materials, especially for the SAT since it’s gone digital, ensure the book or site covers the current format.
- Your School and Community: Many high schools offer prep courses or have teachers who run study sessions. If your school has a college counseling office or AVID program, ask about any prep opportunities. Community organizations or libraries sometimes host free SAT/ACT workshops. Don’t overlook these local resources, a study group with classmates can keep you motivated. Some states even provide free test prep as part of statewide initiatives (for example, using Shmoop or other online programs. Your counselor should be able to tell if your state offers these).
- Practice Tests: One of the best things you can do is take full-length timed practice tests. Treat them like the real thing: quiet room, follow the exact timing, no distractions. This builds your stamina and familiarity. Use official tests if possible (SAT has Bluebook tests; ACT has past released tests). Afterward, review every mistake to learn from it. It’s not glamorous, but it’s incredibly effective. Aim to take at least 2-3 practice exams before the real test, more if you can.
- Flashcards and Apps: For vocab, math formulas, or grammar rules, flashcards help with memorization. You can use the classic paper flashcards or apps like Quizlet (which, as mentioned, has AI to generate flashcard decks and quizzes) to drill content. Little sessions on your phone quizzing vocab or math facts during commutes or breaks can add up. Other apps like Anki (spaced repetition) or Memrise can also be useful for drill work.
- Targeted Skill Practice: Identify what you need to work on. If reading is a challenge, consider reading articles from sources like The New York Times or Smithsonian and summarizing main points (SAT readings often resemble journalism or scholarly excerpts). If math is an issue, make a formula sheet and do a set of practice problems for each topic (algebra, geometry, etc.). There are great YouTube channels (Khan Academy, Tutoring channels, etc.) that teach specific SAT/ACT problems and strategies, use them for concept help.
- Time Management and Strategy: Beyond content, learn strategies: skipping techniques, process of elimination, pacing plans (e.g., on ACT English, 75 questions in 45 minutes = 9 minutes per passage). Resources like the College Board’s SAT Study Guide (available as a PDF) and the ACT Prep Guide contain sections on test-taking strategies. Blogs like PrepScholar and IvyWise regularly post tips (e.g., how to tackle ACT Science or how to avoid careless errors on SAT Math). Use these to refine your approach.
In summary, start with official resources (Khan Academy for SAT, ACT’s site for ACT) as your foundation. Then supplement with books, apps, or courses if you need more. Everyone learns differently, so find a mix that keeps you engaged. Some students thrive with an online course or tutor for structure; others prefer self-study with books and videos. What matters is consistent practice and addressing your weaknesses. And remember: quality over quantity. It’s better to thoroughly review and understand 50 practice problems than to mindlessly complete 200 problems without learning from them. Make a schedule, use the resources at your fingertips, and you’ll see improvement.
What should I do if I’m applying test-optional?
First, understand what “test-optional” means: it means the college allows you to choose whether to submit test scores. If you don’t submit scores, you won’t be penalized, the school will simply weigh the other parts of your application more heavily. Here’s how to approach things in a test-optional scenario:
- Decide Whether to Submit or Not: If you have an SAT/ACT score at or above the college’s average range (you can often find this on the college’s admissions site or tools like BigFuture), it’s usually a good idea to submit it, even if optional. A strong score can only help bolster your file. If your score is significantly below their typical range, you might choose not to send it and let your grades, essays, recommendations, and extracurriculars do the talking. Essentially, play to your strengths: submit scores if they’re an asset, withhold if not. Many test-optional colleges report that applicants who do submit scores are admitted at higher rates, likely because those who submit tend to have good scores.
- Focus on Other Application Components: If you go test-optional (or even if you submit scores, but just knowing tests are a bit deemphasized), make sure the rest of your application shines. That means strong essays that reveal your personality and writing ability, rigorous coursework and good grades, impressive letters of recommendation, and a solid record of activities. In a test-optional review, colleges will put more weight on your transcript and personal qualities. Showcase your strengths: for example, highlight that upward grade trend or leadership role you took on. Without a test score, they’ll scrutinize your academic preparedness through your GPA and course rigor even more.
- Demonstrate College Readiness in Other Ways: Some colleges have alternative measures if you don’t submit scores. For instance, they might allow graded papers, extra essays, or interviews to substitute. Or they might look for AP exam scores or dual-enrollment classes as evidence of readiness. Check each test-optional college’s fine print, a few ask for something additional if no scores. But generally, you want to emphasize any other academic achievements. Maybe you completed a research project, or you placed in a math competition, or you earned a professional certification, these can all signal your abilities.
- Be Mindful of Scholarships and Program Requirements: “Test-optional for admission” might not mean test-optional for everything. Some colleges that don’t require scores for getting in do require them for certain merit scholarships or honors programs, even if you apply test-optional. Also, as noted earlier, some schools won’t use scores for admission but will require an SAT/ACT score the summer before enrollment for course placement or “research purposes”. So double-check. If you choose not to submit scores, ensure you’re not accidentally disqualifying yourself from any opportunity. If a scholarship you want does need a score, you might decide to send to that school after all (or take a test by a certain date).
- Trust the Policy, No Sneaky Disadvantages: Students often worry, “Will applying test-optional hurt my chances?” Colleges affirm that it won’t, and in practice, admissions readers truly don’t hold it against you if you don’t provide a score. They have been trained to evaluate sans scores. For example, if two similar applicants are in the pool and one has no test score, the college will focus on other factors to make the decision. They won’t assume anything negative about why you didn’t have a score. Especially in the wake of the pandemic, admissions officers understand not everyone could test or chose to test. In fact, some colleges saw increases in diversity and still managed to select strong classes without scores. So if you choose the no-score route, have confidence in that decision. Then make sure to really put effort into everything else you submit.
- Still Consider Taking the Exams: Even if all the schools on your list are test-optional, it can be wise to take the SAT or ACT anyway (at least once). Why? Because you might score higher than expected and then you’d want to use it. Or your college plans might change (you add a school that requires a test, etc.). As BigFuture notes, keeping a score in your back pocket keeps options open. If the score isn’t great and you don’t use it, no harm done. If it is great, you have an extra asset. Plus, prepping for these tests can improve skills that help in college coursework too. So don’t write off testing completely unless you have a really solid reason not to test at all. Think of going test-optional as a strategic choice, not an absolute avoidance of exams.
In summary, if you’re going test-optional: make an informed choice about scores, then double-down on showcasing your academic strengths in other ways. Admissions committees will look to your transcripts, recommendations, essays, and activities to understand your potential. Show them your motivation, intellect, and fit for their campus through those elements. And rest assured, a missing test score won’t be a deal-breaker if the rest of your application demonstrates that you’re ready to succeed in college. Colleges want students who will thrive, score or no score. Give them confidence that you are that student by painting a full picture of your achievements and ambitions.
Remember: Standardized tests are important, but they do not define you. They are one component of your college application puzzle. Admissions officers will also look at your grades, courses, essays, extracurriculars, and recommendations to get a holistic view of you. So aim for balance, prepare thoroughly for the PSAT, SAT, or ACT, and engage deeply in your classes and activities. If you put in the work, stay organized, and use the resources and strategies outlined above, you’ll be well on your way to acing these exams and building a bright future beyond them. Good luck, and happy prepping!
(Empowering note: No matter what score you get, you have the power to shape your own future. These tests are just tools to help you along the way. So take a deep breath, believe in yourself, and go show them what you’re capable of!)
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